Automatic verification of concurrent stochastic systems
نویسندگان
چکیده
Abstract Automated verification techniques for stochastic games allow formal reasoning about systems that feature competitive or collaborative behaviour among rational agents in uncertain probabilistic settings. Existing tools and focus on turn-based games, where each state of the game is controlled by a single player, zero-sum properties, two players coalitions have directly opposing objectives. In this paper, we present automated concurrent (CSGs), which provide more natural model decision making interaction. We also consider (social welfare) Nash equilibria, to formally identify scenarios with distinct goals can collaborate optimise their joint performance. propose an extension temporal logic rPATL specifying quantitative properties setting corresponding algorithms strategy synthesis variant stopping games. For finite-horizon computation exact, while infinite-horizon it approximate using value iteration. requires solving matrix via linear programming, equilibria-based find social welfare cost equilibria bimatrix method labelled polytopes through SMT encoding. implement approach PRISM-games, required extending tool’s modelling language CSGs, apply case studies from domains including robotics, computer security networks, explicitly demonstrating benefits both CSGs properties.
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Formal Methods in System Design
سال: 2021
ISSN: ['1572-8102', '0925-9856']
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10703-020-00356-y